The Tanzania HIV Impact Survey 2016-2017 (THIS) is the fourth in a series of household-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) surveys. The first ever household-based HIV survey was the 2003-04 Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey, the second was the Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey (THMIS) conducted in 2007-08, and this was followed by the 2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey.

According to the report findings,

  • Prevalence of HIV infection among adults aged 15 years and older in Tanzania was 4.9% (6.3% among females, and 3.4% among males). This corresponds to approximately 1.4 million PLHIV aged 15 years and older in the country.
  • Prevalence among adults aged 15-49 years was 4.7% for the entire country, 4.8% in Tanzania mainland and 0.4% in Zanzibar.
  • HIV prevalence among females aged 20-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-34 years, and 35-39 years was higher than in males in corresponding age groups.
  • The burden of HIV infection varies across the country; HIV prevalence ranged from less than 1.0% in Zanzibar and Lindi to 11.4% in Njombe.
  • Overall, HIV prevalence reduced with increasing education level for both males and females.

The results from THIS indicate that HIV continues to cause a significant burden of disease in Tanzania. Although there has been remarkable progress toward the achievement of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets in adults, progress in the pediatric population is not comparable. The major challenge in both populations remains diagnosis, and a critical priority is to identify and link to care those infected but unaware of their HIV status. An additional critical priority is to urgently address very low rates of VLS among CLHIV.

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